Endocrine Abstracts

Estrogen receptors (ER) play a crucial role in development, reproduction and normal physiology; Even though the concept of ER gene mutations was thought to be lethal. Normally, the two ER’s are expressed in differing levels in different tissues and selective cell types. Gene targeting allowed us to produce lines of mice with disrupted ER (ERKO) and ER genes (ERKO) as well as a compound ERKO. Unlike androgen receptor insensitivity in males, no developmental phenotypes were...